World Civilizations B - Final Exam study guide: 3rd term 2010-11

Name:

True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.

In early feudal Japan, female samurai could train to fight, inherit property, and participate in business.

During the Tokugawa period, the samurai became more powerful.

During the Renaissance, artists and architects made mathematics, science and reason an integral part of their work and therefore challenged the basic beliefs of the Catholic Church.

In the 1600s, philosophers concluded that reason could be used to solve all human problems.

The expansion of the railroads raised consumer prices and put many manufactured products out of reach of most working-class people.

Electricity drastically changed industry and daily life more than any other technological advance of the late 1800s.

Increased industrialization created a need for a more educated workforce because factories needed managers who could read and write.

The emergence of public transportation helped suburbs grow.

The murder of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria led to the outbreak of World War I.

10.

The League of Nations included representatives from all the nations of the world.

11.

Russia joined World War I because of a previous agreement to protect Serbia.

12.

New technologies developed during World War I gave the Allies a clear advantage on the battlefield.

13.

G-boats were German submarines used to attack Allied ships during World War I.

14.

The presence of the United States in the League of Nations strengthened that organization.

15.

Nearly 9 million soldiers were killed in World War I battles.

16.

The Great Depression created ideal conditions for the rise of powerful leaders who promised to restore their nations to glory.

17.

Lay investiture is the practice of bishops in the church giving away church positions for money.

18.

A typical peasant home on a manor was built of wood with a thatch roof and created a dangerous situation for fires to start.

19.

Most knights followed the chivalric code very closely and protected the lower classes whenever possible.

20.

A tithe was a tax the peasants paid to a priest when they wanted to get married.

21.

Justinian code was created in Rome and was made up of three works that had previously been published in Roman law.

22.

Land granted by a medieval lord to a vassal in exchange for protection was called a fief.

23.

The Pope promised knights a place in heaven if they were to fight for Christendom in the Crusades to Jerusalem.

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

24.

Which of the following was the name for the trade network that started between Europe and the “New World” which saw the trading of plants, animals, and even diseases?

a.	Columbian Exchange	c.	Middle Passage
b.	Atlantic Slave Trade	d.	Venezuelan Exchange

25.

This economic system developed as Europeans settled in the Americas and created a merchant class and private ownership that allowed common people to obtain wealth.

a.	Mercantilism	c.	Capitalism
b.	Communism	d.	Slave Trade

26.

The Atlantic Slave Trade rose out of a need for more workers in the Americas. What was the main cause of this need for workers?

a.	Indians were rebelling and killing Europeans	c.	Africans wanted to help build European plantations
b.	Indians were dying of disease	d.	Indians were too lazy to work the plantations

27.

Who first captured Africans and sold them to slave traders on the West Coast of Africa?

a.	African tribes	c.	Europeans
b.	Muslims	d.	Indians

28.

What new approach allowed scholars to gain new scientific knowledge?

a.	financing by the Church	c.	universal public education
b.	the scientific method	d.	the Inquisition

29.

Which of the following was a solution to scarce living and working space in cities?

a.	the mechanization of industry	c.	the construction of subways
b.	the construction of skyscrapers	d.	the expansion of public education

30.

The increasingly educated population, explosion of newspapers, and the telegraph made a career in which of the following possible in the late 1880s?

a.	teaching	c.	carpentry
b.	journalism	d.	art

31.

What caused the growth in leisure time activities in the late 1800s?

a.	the move from cities to suburbs
b.	higher incomes and more free time
c.	private funding of concert halls and theaters
d.	automobiles

32.

What development was essential to the expansion of cities to the suburbs?

a.	the growth of sports
b.	the invention of the telegraph
c.	the emergence of public transportation systems
d.	the professionalization of nursing

33.

Which of the following best describes Germany’s position for much of the war?

a.	All of Germany’s military efforts were focused on Serbia.
b.	Germany faced war on two fronts.
c.	Germany did not have a military strategy for this war.
d.	Germany was a neutral country.

34.

Why did both sides in World War I turn to new weapons?

a.	because trench warfare had led to a stalemate
b.	because there were not enough weapons to arm the millions of soldiers
c.	because advances in radar technology made bombers almost useless
d.	because both sides wanted to avoid the deaths of too many soldiers

35.

What was the Zimmermann Note?

a.	the German policy of attacking all ships entering or leaving Great Britain
b.	Wilson’s speech detailing reasons why the United States should remain neutral
c.	a note left behind by a suicide bomber in Serbia
d.	a proposal by a German official that Mexico attack the United States in return for territory

36.

Which of the following battles signified a turning point in the Allied Powers’ favor in the war?

a.	the Second Battle of the Marne	c.	the Battle of Verdun
b.	the Battle of the Frontiers	d.	the Battle of Caporetto

37.

The partnership formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the late 1800s was called the

a.	Triple Entente.	c.	Eastern Block.
b.	Triple Alliance.	d.	Central Powers.

38.

Which series of events led to World War I?

a.	Austria took over Bosnia, Serbia declared war on Austria, and Germany declared war on Serbia.
b.	Germany declared war on Serbia, Russia moved to support Serbia, and Great Britain declared war on Russia.
c.	Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, Russia moved to support Serbia, and Germany declared war on Russia.
d.	An Austrian-Hungarian nobleman was assassinated, Germany moved to support Austria, and Great Britain declared war on Germany.

39.

France, Russia, and Great Britain made up the

a.	Triple Entente.	c.	Eastern Block.
b.	Triple Alliance.	d.	Central Powers.

40.

On which two fronts did Germany fight during World War I?

a.	Russia to the east and Italy to the south.
b.	France to the west and Belgium to the north.
c.	Russia to the east and France to the west.
d.	Switzerland to the south and Russia to the east.

41.

What was the immediate result of trench warfare?

a.	an easy victory for the Allied Powers	c.	fewer casualties on both sides
b.	massive deadlock	d.	an easy victory for the Central Powers

42.

How did the Zimmermann Note affect American neutrality?

a.	It led the United States to attack Mexico.
b.	It made American leaders more resolved to safeguard their neutral rights.
c.	It led to strong public support for U.S. entry into the war.
d.	It led the Allies to beg the United States to support their war effort.

43.

The entry of the United States into World War I

a.	did not effect the war’s outcome.
b.	added hundreds of thousands of troops to the Allied cause.
c.	made German soldiers fight much harder than they had before.
d.	infused much-needed cash into the Allied war effort.

44.

Which of the following began World War II?

a.	the defeat of Franco’s Nationalists	c.	Hitler’s attack on Czechoslovakia
b.	the Anschluss	d.	Hitler’s attack on Poland

45.

What recent invention allowed the British to more effectively defend against German air attacks?

a.	trench warfare	c.	the submarine
b.	radar	d.	the sitzkrieg

46.

Why was the Soviet Union unprepared for Hitler’s attack in June 1941?

a.	because German troops were also pushing towards Paris
b.	because the Soviets had previously signed a nonaggression pact with Germany
c.	because the Soviets were a member of the Axis alliance
d.	because Hitler had already surrendered

47.

What event led to a decisive shift away from isolationism in the United States?

a.	the Battle of Britain
b.	the discovery of Auschwitz
c.	the sinking of American ships by German submarines
d.	the attack on Pearl Harbor

48.

The Siege of Leningrad resulted in

a.	a Germany victory.
b.	the starvation of one million German troops.
c.	a British victory.
d.	the starvation of one million Russian civilians.

49.

The Nazi campaign to imprison inferior people included which of the following targets?

a.	Jews and Aryans
b.	only Jews
c.	Jews, homosexuals, disabled people, Poles, Slavs, and Gypsies
d.	all residents of Allied countries

50.

What was the goal of the Yalta Conference?

a.	to agree on a schedule for the invasion of France
b.	to reach an agreement on what to do with postwar Europe
c.	to compensate victims of the Holocaust
d.	to divide Europe into communist and capitalist sections

51.

The D-Day invasion of Normandy was launched from

a.	Belgium.	c.	Berlin.
b.	the United Kingdom.	d.	the Soviet Union.

52.

Which group was treated most harshly by the U.S. government during World War II?

a.	German Americans	c.	Italian Americans
b.	African Americans	d.	Japanese Americans

53.

Hitler’s Final Solution included

a.	opening a second front in Western Europe.
b.	less restrictive laws benefiting Germany’s Jewish population.
c.	concentration camps, death camps, and Einsatzgruppen.
d.	deportation of European Jews.

54.

The term vernacular refers to which of the following?

a.	Latin poetry	c.	a foreign language
b.	the “common tongue”	d.	a type of guild

55.

What is the name for a trade organization in which all of the members have the same occupation?

a.	guild	c.	fief
b.	vernacular	d.	apprentice

56.

The Hagia Sophia was the most beautiful Christian church ever built during the Byzantine Empire. What does Hagia Sophia mean in Greek?

a.	Holy Fire	c.	Holy Wisdom
b.	Church of God	d.	Church of Justinian

57.

Who started the Nika Rebellion within the walls of the hippodrome in Constantinople?

a.	gangs of chariot race fans	c.	Belisarius and his troops
b.	the Ottoman Turks	d.	Empress Theodora

58.

Which of the following allowed the population of Europe to increase during the early Middle Ages?

a.	the horse collar	c.	increased food supply
b.	three field agriculture	d.	all of the above

59.

Which of the following were problems in the Catholic Church during medieval times?

a.	simony	c.	the marriage of priests
b.	lay investiture	d.	all of the above

60.

This is the practice of kings putting people in church positions to gain power and influence over the members of the church.

a.	simony	c.	vernacular tithing
b.	lay investiture	d.	guild breaking

61.

Which of the following would be considered the practice of simony?

a.	friars marrying outside of the church	c.	priests marrying in the church
b.	kings inappropriately giving church positions	d.	bishops selling church positions

62.

What was the term used for people that lived in medieval towns and literally meant “town dwellers?”

a.	troubadours	c.	guilds
b.	burghers	d.	unions

63.

Which of the following was not a way that the city of Constantinople defended itself against invaders?

a.	trebuchets built into the tower walls	c.	walls surrounding all 13 miles of the city
b.	a giant chain across the Golden Horn	d.	two sets of walls guarding the land entrances to the city

64.

Who was the Byzantine general that won back lands from the Muslims in North Africa and stopped the Nika Rebellion in Constantinople?

a.	Justinian	c.	Belisarius
b.	Hericles	d.	Constantine

65.

The basic economic unit during the early Middle Ages was the:

a.	tithe	c.	clergy
b.	fief	d.	manor

66.

Which of the following was not a cause of the Crusades to recapture Palestine from Muslim control?

a.	Italian merchants looked to gain wealth	c.	Constantinople called for help and Pope Urban the II responded
b.	Knights were promised entrance to heaven	d.	Saladin challenged Richard the Lion Hearted in the Reconquista

67.

Which of the following leaders of the Third Crusade was the only one that made it to Jerusalem?

a.	Saladin	c.	Phillip Augustus
b.	Richard the Lion Hearted	d.	Frederick the I

68.

What is the correct order of the education of a knight?

a.	age 7 squire, age 14 knight, age 21 page	c.	age 7 page, age 14 squire, age 21 knight
b.	age 7 knight, age 14 page, age 21 squire	d.	age 7 page, age 15 squire, age 20 knight

69.

Which of the following was a medieval siege weapon that operated much like a giant sling that could hurl large objects, such as dead horses, over 900 ft?

a.	mangonel	c.	battering ram
b.	mantlet	d.	trebuchet

70.

Which two inventions allowed for the creation of knights as mounted warriors?

a.	the bow and arrow	c.	the saddle and stirrup
b.	the saddle and sword	d.	the stirrup and shield

71.

Which of the following was a person who resided on a manor and could not lawfully leave the place where they were born?

a.	serfs	c.	vassals
b.	peasants	d.	clergy

72.

The Children’s crusade was started by a young shepherd named Steven in France. Several thousand children joined him on a quest to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims. What happened to most of the children on this crusade?

a.	they were successful in taking the city	c.	they were stopped by the Pope in Rome
b.	they were tricked and sold into slavery	d.	most of the children returned to their home

73.

According to Chivalric code, knights were supposed to protect which group of people?

a.	the weak	c.	the church
b.	the lord	d.	all of the above

74.

Which of the following was not an effect of the bubonic plague?

a.	The Pope gained power as people turned to the church for help	c.	Anti-Semitic beliefs increased in Europe
b.	The manor system collapsed as people left their manors	d.	Europe and China both lost 1/3 of their populations

75.

During the Third Crusade, what historic event occurred in the city of Acre that infuriated Muslim troops and caused extreme distrust among Christians and Muslims?

a.	Christian knights slaughtered innocent Muslims	c.	Alexius Comnenus sent knights to capture the Muslim sultan
b.	Saladin trapped and killed crusading children	d.	Christian soldiers burned the Sacred Mosque in Jerusalem

76.

This was a sustained period of renewed interest and remarkable developments in art, literature, science, and learning. In French, the term literally means “rebirth.”

a.	Vernacular	c.	Renaissance
b.	Secular	d.	Humanism

77.

An English playwright considered by many to be the greatest of all time, this man focused on the lives of realistic characters that would appeal to even the uneducated person.

a.	Dante	c.	Chaucer
b.	Shakespeare	d.	Johann Gutenberg

78.

This person was given the credit for inventing movable type and the printing press, an invention that would revolutionize Europe as it allowed literacy rates to dramatically increase.

a.	Johann Gutenberg	c.	Leonardo da Vinci
b.	Machiavelli	d.	Jan van Eyck

79.

During the Renaissance, artists used myths of these ancient cultures for inspiration in their paintings and sculptures.

a.	Greek and Italian	c.	Roman and Egyptian
b.	Spartan and Venitian	d.	Roman and Greek

80.

The buyers of art who were often times wealthy individuals, city governments, or the church. A term referring to people who comissioned artists to create their masterpieces.

a.	patron	c.	machiavellian
b.	humanist	d.	medici

81.

Having a worldly focus rather than a spiritual one:

a.	vernacular	c.	utopia
b.	renaissance	d.	secular

82.

Which of the following was a plague that swept through Europe and had a role in the changes that took place during the Renaissance after the 1300s?

a.	The Choleric Plague	c.	The Smallpox Death
b.	The Black Death	d.	Typhoid Plague

83.

This painter would be considered a Renaissance Man and produced the Last Supper and the Mona Lisa.

a.	Raphael Sanzio	c.	Leonardo da Vinci
b.	Michelangelo Buonarroti	d.	Baldassare Castiglione

84.

Michelangelo painted this structure, considered by some experts the greatest work of art ever commissioned.

a.	the Sistine Chapel	c.	the Cathedral of Florence
b.	the Notre Dame Cathedral	d.	the Hagia Sophia

85.

During this historic meeting, the Catholic and Protestant German princes came to an agreement that each prince would chose the religion of his state:

a.	Magna Carta	c.	Peace of Augsburg
b.	Treaty of Verdun	d.	Edict of Worms

Completion
Complete each statement.

86.

Portuguese sailors found both ______________ and _______________ along the west coast of Africa.

87.

____________________, which means “way of the warrior,” was a strict code of ethics in feudal Japan.

88.

____________________ Buddhism, a form of Buddhism adopted by many Japanese feudal warriors, stressed discipline and meditation as ways to focus the mind and gain wisdom.

89.

In the 1600s, a new type of drama emerged in Japan called ____________________, in which actors sing and dance, pausing to interact with the audience.

90.

The supreme military leader of Japan, called the ____________________, ruled in the emperor’s name.

91.

A sense of patriotism and unity as a people is called ____________________.

92.

The ____________________ brothers were the first to fly a powered airplane in sustained flight on December 17, 1903.

93.

____________________ is credited with inventing the telegraph and a language for sending messages.

94.

The theories of scientist ____________________, including the theory of relativity and the formula E = mc², revolutionized physics.

95.

In the early 1900s, Henry Ford built an affordable car known as the ____________________.

96.

Cities began printing ____________________ with expanded coverage including current events and information about arts and science.

97.

The partnership formed between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy in the late 1800s was called the ____________________.

98.

During World War I, Serbia, Russia, France, and Great Britain were known as the ____________________.

99.

____________________ is information designed to influence people’s opinions.

100.

The quest to build empires and colonize other regions is called ____________________.

101.

Germany began the war with a quick strike into Belgium and planned to move on to attack ____________________.

102.

Britain pioneered the use of ____________________ in World War I to cross rough battlefield terrain.

103.

The ____________________, or truce, that ended the fighting in World War I was agreed to on November 11, 1918.

104.

The belief that a country should stay out of the affairs of other nations is called ____________________.

Matching

a.	Christopher Columbus	d.	Amerigo Vespucci
b.	Henry Hudson	e.	Sir Francis Drake
c.	Ferdinand Magellan	f.	Vasco Nunez de Balboa

105.

The second man to circumnavigate the world

106.

A bay and a river in the United States are named after this Dutch sailor

107.

He was the first European to see the Pacific Ocean

108.

He thought he found the Indies on his voyage, but actually found the Americas

109.

America was given its name after this Spanish Explorer found its coast

110.

He was given credit for being the first to circumnavigate the world

Select the letter of the term, person, or place that matches each description. Some answers will not be used.

a.	urbanization	c.	steam engine
b.	mass production	d.	psychology

111.

Provided power for trains and boats

112.

Production method that lowered the cost of goods

113.

The growth in the proportion of people living in towns and cities

114.

The study of the mind and human behavior

Select the letter of the term, person, or place that matches each description. Some answers will not be used.

a.	poison gas	d.	Schlieffen Plan
b.	propaganda	e.	Woodrow Wilson
c.	no-man’s-land

115.

German military plan to fight France, then Russia

116.

Information designed to influence people’s opinions

117.

A new weapon developed during World War I that was fairly ineffective

118.

Area between opposing trenches

119.

His vision of world peace was called the Fourteen Points

Match the letter of the terms to the correct definition listed below.

a.	Magna Carta	e.	heretic
b.	chivalry	f.	Holy Land
c.	vernacular	g.	Crusades
d.	troubadour	h.	Black Death

120.

a series of religious wars fought between Muslims and Christians

121.

the city of Jerusalem and the surrounding area

122.

traveling poet-musicians who performed at medieval courts

123.

a code developed to make warfare less bloody

124.

a plague that killed 1/3 of Europe and China

125.

the common language or “tongue” of a people

126.

an agreement between King John and his nobles guaranteeing basic political rights

127.

a person who opposed the official teachings of the church